拉扭加载下疲劳裂纹扩展的试验研究

对航空材料LY12CZ进行了多种比例和非比例拉扭双轴加载下的疲劳试验。采用弹塑性有限元方法对缺口孔边的应力应变进行了分析,探讨疲劳裂纹扩展方向与孔边各应力和应变分量之间的关系。比较分析结果与试验数据得出比例加载下,疲劳裂纹基本上在垂直于最大主应变方向扩展。45°及90°非比例加载下,疲劳裂纹沿着最大剪应变平面扩展。     

沥青混凝土路面裂缝防治措施的探讨

本文通过分析裂缝产生的原因，提出防止路面产生裂缝的几点措施。     

棒料塑性剪切过程中裂纹的形成及扩展行为

通过轴向压力作用下棒料塑性切口工试验，获取了剪切分离面上断裂区形态，结果表明：断裂区呈对称月牙状，断裂面积比率随轴向压力的增大而减小。结合理论分析，提示了剪切过程中裂纹首先产生于棒料上活动剪刃与固定剪刃交叉的两水平端点，并沿活动剪刃和固定剪刃刃口迹线扩展。裂纹为Ⅱ、Ⅲ型的混合型，其中Ⅲ型裂纹扩展速度对于断裂区形态起着决定作用。     

炭石墨制品焙烧开裂的分析与研究

探讨了炭石墨制品焙烧开裂的因素和机理，提出了防止焙烧开裂的措施和方法。     

Pod, Seed and Germination Characteristics of Selected Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum (Linn.) Maton) Varieties

Cardamom is a popular and important tropical spice, traditionally propagated by rhizomes, although seeds which are considered recalcitrant are being increasingly used in planting programmes. Thus a study evaluated the effects of pod maturity on pod, seed and germination characteristics of three popular varieties, along with the influence of drying on seed germinability.
Green and yellow mature pods and seeds of all varieties had a high moisture content. The variety Mysore, which is considered high yielding, had larger pods with a greater number of heavy seeds. Although the pods of Vazukka were heavier than the Malabar variety due to greater seed weights, seed numbers were similar in both varieties. Seed moisture contents declined with increasing pod maturity, while seed weights and germinability increased.
The germinability of Mysore seeds were greater, while that of the other varieties were lower. The larger seeds of all varieties germinated 15–20 days earlier, giving rise to a greater percentage (20–25 %) of seedlings. Desiccation at 20 °C maintained germinability for a longer period (5–9 days) in all varieties, than when dried at 30 °C. The seeds of the variety Mysore was more tolerant to desiccation than other varieties. The study illustrated the importance of selecting large seeds from yellow mature pods of cardamom for propagation and the value of establishment immediately after harvest to obtain a greater number of seedlings.     

预制砼板天棚抹灰纵向裂缝产生的原因防治措施及处理方法的探讨

本文对天棚抹灰产生纵向裂缝的原因作出了分析,并进一步阐述了如何对砼天棚抹灰纵向裂缝这项质量通病的预防和处理方法     

现浇砼U型节水渠道的裂缝成因及防止措施

针对现浇砼U型渠道施工及运行管理中出现的纵横向裂缝的危害进行了分析，提出了控制裂缝发育的措施方法。     

混凝土早期体积变化与裂缝的成因

分析了混凝土早期体积的变化以及裂缝的形成与混凝土体积变化的关系。     

土壤干缩开裂三维模型构建及其参数敏感性分析

为揭示农田土壤干缩裂隙沿深度方向的发展规律及形成机理,该研究改进了Vogel提出的Hookean弹簧模型,通过构建由节点组成的三棱柱状网格结构,并考虑重力的影响,建立了可以模拟裂隙深度的三维农田土壤干缩开裂模型,分析了纵向弹性系数（与土壤沿深度的弹性有关）对模拟裂隙深度的影响,通过Minkowski密度（即面积密度、长度密度和欧拉数密度）量化分析裂隙形态。结果表明：试验与模拟裂隙图像的面积、长度、欧拉数密度及裂隙深度频率的决定系数在0.849～0.959之间,一致性指标在0.965～0.988之间,偏差在0.103～0.189之间,均方根误差在0.005～0.083之间,说明改进后的三维模型达到率定要求,该三维物理模型可以模拟出裂隙沿深度的拓展情况,模拟的表层裂隙形态特征符合自然裂隙的发育规律。敏感性分析中,纵向弹性系数越小,裂隙沿深度方向发育的趋势越明显,深裂缝（土深5～10 cm）的占比越大。研究可为模拟农田土壤裂隙沿纵向的发育和形成提供算法参考。     

螺旋焊管焊缝区Ⅰ/Ⅱ型裂纹R阻力曲线的确定

应用应变能密度理论,考虑螺旋焊管的焊后热处理残余应力的影响,推导了裂纹扩展角θ和裂纹角β以胶有γ的关系表达式,并给出了螺旋焊管含Ⅰ／Ⅱ型混合裂纹平面应力与平面应变条件下裂纹扩展角θ,推出了焊接区残余应务与外加应力场下的Ｒ阻力贡线的表达式,并确定了止裂压力Ｐ。